INCOME AND WEALTH OF HOUSEHOLDS WHO OPERATE U.S. FARMS

Consumer/Household Economics,

Robert C. Green in a Junior Organ Recital

This is the program for the junior organ recital of Robert C. Green. The recital was held on March 8, 1991, in the Mabee Fine Arts Center Recital Hall

Broiler Farms' Organization, Management, and Performance

This study provides a comprehensive view of the organization, management, and financial performance of U.S. broiler farms. Using data from USDA's Agricultural Resource Management Study (ARMS, formerly known as the Farm Costs and Returns Survey), we examine farm size, financial structure, household income, management practices, and spousal participation in decision-making. We compare broiler operations with other farming enterprises and their earnings with that of the average U.S. household. Because most of the 7 billion broilers produced in the United States in 1995 were raised under contract, we also explore the use of contracts and the effects of contracting on the broiler sector.contracting, broilers, poultry, farm characteristics, farm income, farm operator characteristics, risk management strategies, Livestock Production/Industries,

Economic Well-Being of Farm Households

Farm subsidy programs were introduced in the 1930s largely due to concern for chronically low, and highly variable, incomes of US farm households. Today commodity-based support programs are still prominent, though income and wealth of the average farm household now exceed that of the average nonfarm households - by a large margin. Farm income continues to be highly variable, but the small set of farm households most at risk for income variability - because farm income represents more than one-third of household income - are those operating large farms. And they have substantial net worth, which cushions uncertain farm income.Farm households, household income, household wealth, household net worth, living expenses, joint income-wealth indicator, economic well-being, financial well-being, Off-farm employment, Income variability, ERS, USDA, Consumer/Household Economics,

Human leukocyte antigen distributions do not share a copula across sub-populations

The distribution of human leukocyte antigens in the population assists in matching solid organ donors and recipients when the typing methods used do not provide sufficiently precise information. This is made possible by linkage disequilibrium (LD), where alleles co-occur more often than random chance would suggest. There is a trade-off between the high bias and low variance of a broad sample from the population and the low bias but high variance of a focused sample. Some of this trade-off could be alleviated if subpopulations shared LD despite having different allele frequencies. These experiments show that Bayesian estimation can balance bias and variance by tuning the effective sample size of the reference panel, but the LD as represented by an additive or multiplicative copula is not shared

A. Philip Randolph and Boston\u27s African-American Railroad Worker

On October 8, 1988, a group of retired Pullman car porters and dining car waiters gathered in Boston\u27s Back Bay Station for the unveiling of a larger-than-life statue of A. Philip Randolph. During the 1920s and 1930s, Randolph was a pioneering black labor leader who led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. He came to be considered the father of the modern civil rights movement as a result of his efforts to desegregate World War II defense jobs and the military services. Randolph\u27s importance as a militant leader is highlighted by a quote inscribed on the base of the statue which reads, in part: Freedom is never granted; it is won. Justice is never given; it is exacted

Seasonal patterns of carbonate diagenesis in nearshore terrigenous muds: Relation to spring phytoplankton bloom and temperature

Pore water saturation state with respect to calcite and aragonite minerals in Long Island Sound sediments fluctuates from saturated and near saturated conditions during late fall, to undersaturated during winter, before slowly changing to supersaturated conditions during late spring. Undersaturation occurs during cold, winter periods when lower rates of ΣCO2 production (low rates of heterotrophic metabolism) and oxidation of reduced minerals such as FeS lower calcium carbonate saturation states. Direct evidence that dissolution of both calcites and aragonite are occurring during this season comes from the simultaneous increases in excess pore water carbonate dissolution products Ca2+, F-, and Sr2+ during periods of pore water undersaturation. Higher ΣCO2 production rates during warmer periods cause the CO32- concentration to become supersaturated for both calcite and aragonite. ΣCO2 production is controlled by both temperature and substrate availability so that benthic deposition of organic matter produced during the spring bloom accelerates the seasonal progression of pore waters to supersaturation. These patterns control carbonate dynamics in temperate, nearshore regions, and result in a regularly observed, yearly cycling of calcium carbonate dominated by alternating periods of net dissolution and net precipitation